What could happen if insulation resistance is too low?

When insulation resistance is too low, it indicates that the insulating material is failing to adequately separate conductive parts from each other or from the ground. This failure can lead to several hazardous conditions. Most notably, it can create a pathway for electric current to flow where it shouldn't, which can result in an electric shock if a person comes into contact with the affected equipment. Additionally, low insulation resistance elevates the risk of short circuits since the weakened insulation may allow unintended connections between conductors, potentially causing equipment damage, fire hazards, or disruptions in service.

The concern over low insulation resistance highlights the critical importance of maintaining proper insulation in electrical systems. Proper insulation ensures safety and reliability, while low insulation resistance directly threatens both by increasing the likelihood of accidents and system failures.