What does AC stand for in electrical terms?

The term AC in electrical terminology stands for Alternating Current. This type of current is characterized by the flow of electric charge that periodically reverses direction. In contrast to Direct Current (DC), where the electric charge flows in a single, constant direction, the flow of AC changes its direction, leading to a sinusoidal waveform when graphed over time.

Alternating Current is widely used in power distribution systems since it can be easily transformed to different voltage levels. This ability allows for efficient long-distance transmission of electricity, making it a popular choice in homes and industries. The frequency of AC, usually measured in hertz (Hz), indicates how many times the current changes direction per second, with common household electricity typically operating at 50 or 60 Hz depending on the region.

Understanding this foundational concept is crucial for anyone studying electrical systems, as it underpins much of modern electrical engineering and power distribution practices.